Trojan:Win32/Winlnk!rfn describes a category of malware that weaponizes Windows shortcut files to initiate device compromise. Threat actors use .lnk files as the initial launch vector because Windows treats them as trusted components. The shortcut files point to legitimate Windows binaries, typically PowerShell, and pass obfuscated commands that download and run the final malicious payload. This approach bypasses security tools that focus primarily on scanning binary files. The delivered payloads vary widely and include remote access tools.

The infection chain relies on social engineering to convince users to open the shortcut. Delivery methods include phishing emails with malicious links that abuse OAuth authentication flows, as well as fraudulent advertisements on search engines that direct users to compromised websites hosting the payload. Once the shortcut runs, it initiates a multi-stage process that often uses fileless launch techniques to avoid detection. WinLNK inject code into legitimate processes or use DLL sideloading to run under the guise of signed applications. These characteristics make WinLNK a persistent and adaptable threat that targets both individuals and organizations.